Understanding composition Constraints and validation
As it is committed, the data will be validated against both the appropriate openEHR template and the underlying Reference Model schema.
If the data is valid, it will be stored in the CDR and is allocated a unique compositionID, which is returned by the POST /composition call on a successful call.
One of the key challenges in working with openEHR, is in understanding the complexities of the various datatypes and the other validation rules that apply for any particular template.
The constraint and validation rules are applied in by
-
The Reference model
-
Archetype-level constraints
-
Template-level constraints
How to figure out which constraints apply?
As an example, I know that a particular coded entry list (perhaps drop-down) allows only a fixed selection of possible answers, which are probably coded ( a good example being a PROMS score). Where can I find how these are defined?
The ultimate source of truth is the .opt 'Operational template' which is uploaded to the CDR. It is essentially an aggregation of all the archetype constraints, and any local template constraints, which are than applied ot the underlying RM to give the full validation target.
The .opt is a faithful representation of the underlying in-memory objects but is a pretty difficult beast to parse and understand.
Fortunately Better provide a 'web template' utility which generates a JSON version of the validation statement but in a much more understandable format -both for human consumption and parsing. The web template facility is available both from the Ehrscape API, and as an export option from the openEHR Archetype Designer. We understand that ehrBase are developing a similar export facility and we expect this to become part of the openEHR standard in due course.
Better Ehrscape: `GET /template - Retrieve a web template'
Parameters
templateId:
This is the identifier of the openEHR template, against which you need to validate the composition, in this case DHI - Urology_PROMs-v0
format:
This defines the format of JSON or XML that you are sending. Use STRUCTURED for this example.
Request
curl --location \
--request GET 'https://cdr.code4health.org/rest/v1/template/JMOHW - Passport observations.v0' \
--header 'Authorization: Basic YTgxZjQ3YzYtYTc1Ny00ZTM0LWI2NDQtM2NjYzYyYjRhMDFjOiQyYSQxMCQ2MTlraQ==' \
var axios = require('axios');
var config = {
method: 'get',
url: 'https://cdr.code4health.org/rest/v1/template/JMOHW - Passport observations.v0',
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Authorization': 'Basic YTgxZjQ3YzYtYTc1Ny00ZTM0LWI2NDQtM2NjYzYyYjRhMDFjOiQyYSQxMCQ2MTlraQ==',
};
axios(config)
.then(function (response) {
console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data));
})
.catch(function (error) {
console.log(error);
});
```python
import requests
url = "https://cdr.code4health.org/rest/v1/template/JMOHW - Passport observations.v0"
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Authorization': 'Basic YTgxZjQ3YzYtYTc1Ny00ZTM0LWI2NDQtM2NjYzYyYjRhMDFjOiQyYSQxMCQ2MTlraQ==',
}
response = requests.request("GET", url, headers=headers)
print(response.text.encode('utf8'))
```
Response
{
"meta": {
"href": "https://cdr.code4health.org/rest/v1/template/JMOHW%20-%20Passport%20observations.v0"
},
"webTemplate": {
"templateId": "JMOHW - Passport observations.v0",
"version": "2.3",
"defaultLanguage": "en",
"languages": [
"en"
],
"tree": {
"id": "passport_observations",
"name": "Passport observations",
"localizedName": "Passport observations",
"rmType": "COMPOSITION",
"nodeId": "openEHR-EHR-COMPOSITION.encounter.v1",
"min": 1,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Passport observations"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "Interaction, contact or care event between a subject of care and healthcare provider(s)."
},
"aqlPath": "",
"children": [
{
"id": "context",
"rmType": "EVENT_CONTEXT",
"nodeId": "",
"min": 1,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/context",
"children": [
{
"id": "start_time",
"name": "Start_time",
"rmType": "DV_DATE_TIME",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/context/start_time",
"inputs": [
{
"type": "DATETIME"
}
],
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "setting",
"name": "Setting",
"rmType": "DV_CODED_TEXT",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/context/setting",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "code",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "value",
"type": "TEXT"
}
],
"inContext": true
}
]
},
{
"id": "blood_pressure",
"name": "Blood pressure",
"localizedName": "Blood pressure",
"rmType": "OBSERVATION",
"nodeId": "openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.blood_pressure.v2",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Blood pressure"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "The local measurement of arterial blood pressure which is a surrogate for arterial pressure in the systemic circulation."
},
"annotations": {
"comment": "Most commonly, use of the term 'blood pressure' refers to measurement of brachial artery pressure in the upper arm."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.blood_pressure.v2]",
"children": [
{
"id": "systolic",
"name": "Systolic",
"localizedName": "Systolic",
"rmType": "DV_QUANTITY",
"nodeId": "at0004",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Systolic"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "Peak systemic arterial blood pressure - measured in systolic or contraction phase of the heart cycle."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.blood_pressure.v2]/data[at0001]/events[at0006]/data[at0003]/items[at0004]/value",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "magnitude",
"type": "DECIMAL",
"validation": {
"range": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0.0,
"maxOp": "<",
"max": 1000.0
},
"precision": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0,
"maxOp": "<=",
"max": 0
}
}
},
{
"suffix": "unit",
"type": "CODED_TEXT",
"list": [
{
"value": "mm[Hg]",
"label": "mm[Hg]",
"localizedLabels": {
"en": "mmHg"
},
"validation": {
"range": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0.0,
"maxOp": "<",
"max": 1000.0
},
"precision": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0,
"maxOp": "<=",
"max": 0
}
}
}
]
}
],
"termBindings": {
"SNOMED-CT": {
"value": "[SNOMED-CT(2003)::271649006]",
"terminologyId": "SNOMED-CT"
}
}
},
{
"id": "diastolic",
"name": "Diastolic",
"localizedName": "Diastolic",
"rmType": "DV_QUANTITY",
"nodeId": "at0005",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Diastolic"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "Minimum systemic arterial blood pressure - measured in the diastolic or relaxation phase of the heart cycle."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.blood_pressure.v2]/data[at0001]/events[at0006]/data[at0003]/items[at0005]/value",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "magnitude",
"type": "DECIMAL",
"validation": {
"range": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0.0,
"maxOp": "<",
"max": 1000.0
},
"precision": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0,
"maxOp": "<=",
"max": 0
}
}
},
{
"suffix": "unit",
"type": "CODED_TEXT",
"list": [
{
"value": "mm[Hg]",
"label": "mm[Hg]",
"localizedLabels": {
"en": "mmHg"
},
"validation": {
"range": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0.0,
"maxOp": "<",
"max": 1000.0
},
"precision": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0,
"maxOp": "<=",
"max": 0
}
}
}
]
}
],
"termBindings": {
"SNOMED-CT": {
"value": "[SNOMED-CT(2003)::271650006]",
"terminologyId": "SNOMED-CT"
}
}
},
{
"id": "time",
"name": "Time",
"rmType": "DV_DATE_TIME",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.blood_pressure.v2]/data[at0001]/events[at0006]/time",
"inputs": [
{
"type": "DATETIME"
}
],
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "language",
"name": "Language",
"rmType": "CODE_PHRASE",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.blood_pressure.v2]/language",
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "encoding",
"name": "Encoding",
"rmType": "CODE_PHRASE",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.blood_pressure.v2]/encoding",
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "subject",
"name": "Subject",
"rmType": "PARTY_PROXY",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.blood_pressure.v2]/subject",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "id",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "id_scheme",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "id_namespace",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "name",
"type": "TEXT"
}
],
"inContext": true
}
],
"termBindings": {
"SNOMED-CT": {
"value": "[SNOMED-CT(2003)::364090009]",
"terminologyId": "SNOMED-CT"
}
}
},
{
"id": "height_length",
"name": "Height/Length",
"localizedName": "Height/Length",
"rmType": "OBSERVATION",
"nodeId": "openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.height.v2",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Height/Length"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "Height, or body length, is measured from crown of head to sole of foot."
},
"annotations": {
"comment": "Height is measured with the individual in a standing position and body length in a recumbent position."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.height.v2]",
"children": [
{
"id": "height_length",
"name": "Height/Length",
"localizedName": "Height/Length",
"rmType": "DV_QUANTITY",
"nodeId": "at0004",
"min": 1,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Height/Length"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "The length of the body from crown of head to sole of foot."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.height.v2]/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0004]/value",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "magnitude",
"type": "DECIMAL",
"validation": {
"range": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0.0,
"maxOp": "<=",
"max": 1000.0
}
}
},
{
"suffix": "unit",
"type": "CODED_TEXT",
"list": [
{
"value": "cm",
"label": "cm",
"validation": {
"range": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0.0,
"maxOp": "<=",
"max": 1000.0
}
}
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "time",
"name": "Time",
"rmType": "DV_DATE_TIME",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.height.v2]/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/time",
"inputs": [
{
"type": "DATETIME"
}
],
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "language",
"name": "Language",
"rmType": "CODE_PHRASE",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.height.v2]/language",
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "encoding",
"name": "Encoding",
"rmType": "CODE_PHRASE",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.height.v2]/encoding",
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "subject",
"name": "Subject",
"rmType": "PARTY_PROXY",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.height.v2]/subject",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "id",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "id_scheme",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "id_namespace",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "name",
"type": "TEXT"
}
],
"inContext": true
}
]
},
{
"id": "body_weight",
"name": "Body weight",
"localizedName": "Body weight",
"rmType": "OBSERVATION",
"nodeId": "openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.body_weight.v2",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Body weight"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "Measurement of the body weight of an individual."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.body_weight.v2]",
"children": [
{
"id": "weight",
"name": "Weight",
"localizedName": "Weight",
"rmType": "DV_QUANTITY",
"nodeId": "at0004",
"min": 1,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Weight"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "The weight of the individual."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.body_weight.v2]/data[at0002]/events[at0003]/data[at0001]/items[at0004]/value",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "magnitude",
"type": "DECIMAL",
"validation": {
"range": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0.0,
"maxOp": "<=",
"max": 1000.0
}
}
},
{
"suffix": "unit",
"type": "CODED_TEXT",
"list": [
{
"value": "kg",
"label": "kg",
"validation": {
"range": {
"minOp": ">=",
"min": 0.0,
"maxOp": "<=",
"max": 1000.0
}
}
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "time",
"name": "Time",
"rmType": "DV_DATE_TIME",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.body_weight.v2]/data[at0002]/events[at0003]/time",
"inputs": [
{
"type": "DATETIME"
}
],
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "language",
"name": "Language",
"rmType": "CODE_PHRASE",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.body_weight.v2]/language",
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "encoding",
"name": "Encoding",
"rmType": "CODE_PHRASE",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.body_weight.v2]/encoding",
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "subject",
"name": "Subject",
"rmType": "PARTY_PROXY",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.body_weight.v2]/subject",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "id",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "id_scheme",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "id_namespace",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "name",
"type": "TEXT"
}
],
"inContext": true
}
]
},
{
"id": "blood_glucose",
"name": "Blood glucose",
"localizedName": "Blood glucose",
"rmType": "OBSERVATION",
"nodeId": "openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.laboratory_test_result.v1",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Blood glucose"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "The result, including findings and the laboratory's interpretation, of an investigation performed on specimens collected from an individual or related to that individual."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.laboratory_test_result.v1,'Blood glucose']",
"children": [
{
"id": "test_name",
"name": "Test name",
"localizedName": "Test name",
"rmType": "DV_CODED_TEXT",
"nodeId": "at0005",
"min": 1,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Test name"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "Name of the laboratory investigation performed on the specimen(s)."
},
"annotations": {
"comment": "A test result may be for a single analyte, or a group of items, including panel tests. It is strongly recommended that 'Test name' be coded with a terminology, for example LOINC or SNOMED CT. For example: 'Glucose', 'Urea and Electrolytes', 'Swab', 'Cortisol (am)', 'Potassium in perspiration' or 'Melanoma histopathology'. The name may sometimes include specimen type and patient state, for example 'Fasting blood glucose' or include other information, as 'Potassium (PNA blood gas)'."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.laboratory_test_result.v1,'Blood glucose']/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0005]/value",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "code",
"type": "CODED_TEXT",
"list": [
{
"value": "14743-9",
"label": "Glucose [Moles/volume] in Capillary blood by Glucometer",
"localizedLabels": {
"en": ""
}
}
],
"defaultValue": "14743-9",
"terminology": "LOINC"
}
]
},
{
"id": "laboratory_analyte_result",
"name": "Laboratory analyte result",
"localizedName": "Laboratory analyte result",
"rmType": "CLUSTER",
"nodeId": "openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.laboratory_test_analyte.v1",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Laboratory analyte result"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "The result of a laboratory test for a single analyte value."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.laboratory_test_result.v1,'Blood glucose']/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.laboratory_test_analyte.v1]",
"children": [
{
"id": "analyte_name",
"name": "Analyte name",
"localizedName": "Analyte name",
"rmType": "DV_CODED_TEXT",
"nodeId": "at0024",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Analyte name"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "The name of the analyte result."
},
"annotations": {
"comment": "The value for this element is normally supplied in a specialisation, in a template or at run-time to reflect the actual analyte. For example: 'Serum sodium', 'Haemoglobin'. Coding with an external terminology is strongly recommended, such as LOINC, NPU, SNOMED CT, or local lab terminologies.",
"hl7v2_mapping": "OBX.3",
"fhir_mapping": "Observation.code"
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.laboratory_test_result.v1,'Blood glucose']/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.laboratory_test_analyte.v1]/items[at0024]/value",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "code",
"type": "CODED_TEXT",
"list": [
{
"value": "14743-9",
"label": "Glucose [Moles/volume] in Capillary blood by Glucometer",
"localizedLabels": {
"en": ""
}
}
],
"defaultValue": "14743-9",
"terminology": "LOINC"
}
]
},
{
"id": "analyte_result",
"name": "Analyte result",
"localizedName": "Analyte result",
"rmType": "DV_QUANTITY",
"nodeId": "at0001",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Analyte result"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "The value of the analyte result."
},
"annotations": {
"comment": "For example '7.3 mmol/l', 'Raised'. The 'Any' data type will need to be constrained to an appropriate data type in a specialisation, a template or at run-time to reflect the actual analyte result. The Quantity data type has reference model attributes that include flags for normal/abnormal, reference ranges and approximations - see https://specifications.openehr.org/releases/RM/latest/data_types.html#_dv_quantity_class for more details.",
"hl7v2_mapping": "OBX.2, OBX.5, OBX.6, OBX.7, OBX.8",
"fhir_mapping": "Observation.value[x]"
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.laboratory_test_result.v1,'Blood glucose']/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[openEHR-EHR-CLUSTER.laboratory_test_analyte.v1]/items[at0001]/value",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "magnitude",
"type": "DECIMAL"
},
{
"suffix": "unit",
"type": "CODED_TEXT",
"list": [
{
"value": "mmol/L",
"label": "mmol/L"
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"id": "time",
"name": "Time",
"rmType": "DV_DATE_TIME",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.laboratory_test_result.v1,'Blood glucose']/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/time",
"inputs": [
{
"type": "DATETIME"
}
],
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "language",
"name": "Language",
"rmType": "CODE_PHRASE",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.laboratory_test_result.v1,'Blood glucose']/language",
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "encoding",
"name": "Encoding",
"rmType": "CODE_PHRASE",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.laboratory_test_result.v1,'Blood glucose']/encoding",
"inContext": true
},
{
"id": "subject",
"name": "Subject",
"rmType": "PARTY_PROXY",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.laboratory_test_result.v1,'Blood glucose']/subject",
"inputs": [
{
"suffix": "id",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "id_scheme",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "id_namespace",
"type": "TEXT"
},
{
"suffix": "name",
"type": "TEXT"
}
],
"inContext": true
}
]
},
{
"id": "pulse_oximetry",
"name": "Pulse oximetry",
"localizedName": "Pulse oximetry",
"rmType": "OBSERVATION",
"nodeId": "openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.pulse_oximetry.v1",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "Pulse oximetry"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "Blood oxygen and related measurements, measured by pulse oximetry or pulse CO-oximetry."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.pulse_oximetry.v1]",
"children": [
{
"id": "spo",
"name": "SpO₂",
"localizedName": "SpO₂",
"rmType": "DV_PROPORTION",
"nodeId": "at0006",
"min": 0,
"max": 1,
"localizedNames": {
"en": "SpO₂"
},
"localizedDescriptions": {
"en": "The saturation of oxygen in the peripheral blood, measured via pulse oximetry."
},
"annotations": {
"comment": "SpO₂ is defined as the percentage of oxyhaemoglobin (HbO₂) to the total concentration of haemoglobin (HbO₂ + deoxyhaemoglobin) in peripheral blood."
},
"aqlPath": "/content[openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.pulse_oximetry.v1]/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0006]/value",
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